In 2018, the 27 EU Member States’ government expenditure on defence amounted to €162 billion, representing 2.6% of total government expenditure. This is equivalent to 1.2% of GDP.
Overall, in the EU, general government expenditure on defence as a percentage of GDP slightly decreased since the beginning of the time series in 2001 (1.4%).
Highest ratio of government expenditure on defence to GDP in Latvia, lowest in Ireland
In 2018, the ratio of government expenditure on defence to GDP varied across EU Member States from 0.3% in Ireland, 0.5% in both Luxembourg and Malta and 0.6% in Austria to 2.0% in both Estonia and Greece and 2.1% in Latvia.
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