{"id":98154,"date":"2022-03-02T09:00:55","date_gmt":"2022-03-02T08:00:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/?p=98154"},"modified":"2022-03-02T09:18:18","modified_gmt":"2022-03-02T08:18:18","slug":"russian-aggression-against-ukraine-speech-by-high-representative-vice-president-josep-borrell-at-the-ep-plenary","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/russian-aggression-against-ukraine-speech-by-high-representative-vice-president-josep-borrell-at-the-ep-plenary\/","title":{"rendered":"Russian aggression against Ukraine: Speech by High Representative\/Vice-President Josep Borrell at the EP plenary"},"content":{"rendered":"

Check against delivery!<\/em><\/p>\n

Monsieur le Pr\u00e9sident du Conseil Europ\u00e9en [Charles Michel], Madame la Pr\u00e9sidente du Parlement Europ\u00e9en [Roberta Metsola], Madame la Pr\u00e9sidente de la Commission [Ursula von der Leyen], Pr\u00e9sident [de l\u2019Ukraine, Volodymyr] Zelenskyy, Pr\u00e9sident du Parlement ukrainien [Ruslan Stefanchuk],<\/p>\n

Dear members of the European Parliament,<\/p>\n

I will try to share with you my thoughts on the meaning of the tragic events that we are living and the provisional lessons that we can draw from them, especially for the Common Security and Defence Policy, which I had the honour to try to develop and it remains an intergovernmental policy. A policy which is still in the hands of the Member States but cannot be implemented efficiently without the strong cooperation of the Commission competences. I think this is the moment in which the geopolitical Europe is being born.<\/p>\n

\u00c7a, c\u2019est l\u2019acte de naissance de l\u2019Europe g\u00e9opolitique. Le moment o\u00f9 nous prenons conscience du d\u00e9fi auquel nous faisons face. Le moment auquel l\u2019Europe doit faire face \u00e0 ses responsabilit\u00e9s. Le moment o\u00f9 nous prenons conscience que, pour la premi\u00e8re fois depuis la fin de la Seconde guerre mondiale, un pays envahi un autre et ce pays poss\u00e8de l\u2019arme nucl\u00e9aire, ce qui augmente sa capacit\u00e9 d\u2019intimidation. Cela me rend malade que de penser \u00e0 l\u2019analogie historique avec les \u00e9v\u00e8nements du d\u00e9but de la deuxi\u00e8me guerre mondiale.<\/p>\n

But, it is really the return of tragedy, to which Europe is being confronted today. The return of tragedy, far from frightening us, should galvanise us.
\nFirst, it releases the idea that the European project had lost its momentum because the horizon of the war has been faded. Unfortunately, not. This reminds us that the evil, the tragedy and the war never fade away. And it\u2019s about the relationship with war, with use of force, with violence, on which we have been debating for years, to find out whether Europe can counter it. This is why in recent years we have talked more about defence issues than in the past and we have begun to set up joint military programmes. That\u2019s why the European Parliament itself has voted to set this European Defence Fund, and the Member states have created this European Peace Facility that now we are mobilising in order to provide arms to Ukraine.<\/p>\n

The European Council, in the next weeks, will adopt the Strategic Compass. And with the invasion of Ukraine by Russia, we must amplify our reflexion, adjust our means and anticipate our responses. Because one of the lessons that we had to learn from the invasion of Ukraine is that more than ever, Europe must think strategically about itself, its environment, and the world. It is no longer a luxury, it\u2019s a necessity. Europe must amplify its reflexion on security issues and the European Parliament has had an important role to play in this regard. We need to think about the instrument of coercion, retaliation and counter-attack in the face of reckless adversaries because all we need to understand is that to make peace, we need to be two, but to make war, it is enough to be one. This is exactly what Putin is telling us. And that\u2019s why we have to increase a lot our deterrence capacity. We\u2019ll need to increase our deterrence capacity in order to prevent war. And it\u2019s clear that our deterrence has not been strong enough to stop Putin\u2019s aggression. And since this aggression has started, we have reacted in the last few days in a way that Putin didn\u2019t expect. And we are showing him that we will never sacrifice our freedom, and the freedom of others, on the altar of our wellbeing and prosperity.<\/p>\n

Being President of this Parliament in 2007, I had the opportunity to tell Putin, eye to eye, in the aftermath of the killing of a journalist, Anna Politkovskaya, I told him: \u201cWe are not going to change human rights because of your acts\u201d. And this is the moment to repeat, and to act on that. We will not share, we will not abandon the defence of human rights and freedom because we are more or less dependent on Russia. And we have to start working quickly, as the Commission has proposed, in order to cancel this dependency. Last Saturday, after having held another Foreign Affairs Council and attending the debate of the European Union Council, I was talking with you, President Michel, and you told me: \u201cAre we doing everything we can? Is there something more that we can do? Is that enough? Are we so powerless?\u201d. And you told me: \u201cThink, do, act. We have to push Member States to adopt decisions on SWIFT and to take Russia out of the financial system. Think about how we can arm Ukraine. Not country by country, one after all in an uncoordinated manner\u201d. And you encouraged me to talk with Member States again.<\/p>\n

In a few hours, we agreed on using this\u00a0European Peace Facility<\/a>\u00a0in order to bring financial support and coordinate Member States on arming the Ukrainian army and people. In less than 24 hours, another taboo had fallen. And the President of the Commission immediately showing a strong leadership and start working in order to get an agreement with our international partners, in order to make possible to switch off Russia from the financial system. And you know what, now half of the reserves of the Central Bank of Russia are completely out of their control, they are frozen. Can you imagine? This is a coercion capacity. Three days ago, it was impossible and now it\u2019s possible. They start feeling the consequences in terms of inflation and the fall of their currency.<\/p>\n

Yes, we have capacities. We have mobilised these capacities and we have to continue doing so, putting together the capacities of the Member States and the European Union.<\/p>\n

I want to remind you that the European Peace Facility is not part of the budget that you vote. It is another budget. It is an intergovernmental fund, managed by the Member States. Because we claim that we, the European Union, are a peace force and that we cannot provide arms to anyone else. Yes, we can. Yes, we have done it. In the next budget, think about it. When you vote your next budget, use the budgetary capacity of this institution to put the ways and the means in order to face the next crisis and the next Russian aggression.<\/p>\n

On est en train de travailler dans le domaine international pour b\u00e2tir une coalition pour condamner la Russie aux Nations Unies. Elle [la Russie] n\u2019a pas eu un seul vote en faveur. Tout le monde en faveur [de la r\u00e9solution] et il y eu quelques abstentions qui sont tr\u00e8s significatives.<\/p>\n

Ha habido pa\u00edses, tradicionalmente aliados de Rusia, que no han votado a favor suyo, se han abstenido. Y ahora hay que construir una coalici\u00f3n internacional para que en la pr\u00f3xima Asamblea General de las Naciones Unidas sea el mundo entero el que condene al agresor. Nadie puede mirar para otro lado.<\/p>\n

Cuando un potente agresor agrede sin justificaci\u00f3n alguna a un vecino mucho m\u00e1s d\u00e9bil, nadie puede invocar la resoluci\u00f3n pac\u00edfica de los conflictos. Nadie puede poner en el mismo pie de igualdad al agredido y al agresor. Y nos acordaremos de aquellos que en este momento solemne no est\u00e9n a nuestro lado.<\/p>\n

S\u00ed, hemos utilizado nuestra capacidad coercitiva, la capacidad de imponer – no necesariamente usando las armas. Cuando digo que Europa tiene que ser un hard power, la gente piensa \u00fanicamente en el poder militar. No, el hard power se ejerce de muchas m\u00e1s maneras. La capacidad de condicionar, the coercive capacity, la capacidad de imponer al otro otra conducta no se hace solamente con las armas. Se hace como ha propuesto la Comisi\u00f3n [europea] de una manera extraordinariamente eficaz, gracias se\u00f1ora presidenta [Ursula von der Leyen] y como usted ha impulsado en los debates del Consejo Europeo, gracias se\u00f1or presidente [Charles Michel].<\/p>\n

Tomar medidas como esta, que parecen de papel, que desde luego no mobilizan misiles, pero que tienen un efecto trascendental sobre la solvencia de un pa\u00eds e impiden que Rusia vaya a gastar el dinero que pagamos por su gas para alimentar la guerra.<\/p>\n

Esto es, creo, se\u00f1oras y se\u00f1ores diputados, la lecci\u00f3n m\u00e1s importante que tenemos que extraer de estas tr\u00e1gicas circunstancias. No podemos seguir confiando en que apelar al Estado de Derecho y desarrollar relaciones comerciales van a convertir el mundo en un lugar pac\u00edfico donde todo el mundo evolucionar\u00e1 hacia la democracia representativa.<\/p>\n

Las fuerzas del mal, las fuerzas que pugnan por seguir utilizando la violencia f\u00edsica como una forma de resolver los conflictos, siguen vivos y frente a ellos tenemos que demostrar una capacidad de acci\u00f3n mucho m\u00e1s poderosa, mucho m\u00e1s consistente y mucho m\u00e1s unida que la que hemos sido capaces de hacer hasta ahora.<\/p>\n

Hemos hecho mucho y hemos, sin duda, asombrado al mundo y sorprendido a Putin con una capacidad de reacci\u00f3n r\u00e1pida y unida. Hay que seguir en este camino.<\/p>\n

Y este acto, este momento parlamentario donde ustedes con sus aplausos quieren dar \u00e1nimos a las instituciones europeas para seguir en el camino que hemos aprendido, puede ser el momento en que los europeos entiendan que el mundo en el que viven es un mundo peligroso y para hacerle frente hace falta que refuercen su Uni\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

La pandemia abri\u00f3 la puerta a acciones innovadoras. La pandemia nos ha impulsado por el camino de unirnos m\u00e1s para hacer frente a los virus. Este momento tr\u00e1gico debe impulsarnos a unirnos m\u00e1s para hacer frente a aquellas acciones humanas que amenazan tambi\u00e9n la vida, la seguridad y la prosperidad de todos.<\/p>\n

Muchas gracias.<\/p>\n

Link to the video (starting at 9:30):\u00a0https:\/\/audiovisual.ec.europa.eu\/en\/video\/I-219164<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Closing remarks<\/strong><\/p>\n

Se\u00f1ora presidenta, querido colega vicepresidente\u00a0[de Relaciones Interinstitucionales y\u00a0Prospectiva, Maro\u0161 \u0160ef\u010dovi\u010d], se\u00f1oras y se\u00f1ores diputados,<\/p>\n

Rusia se sit\u00faa, despu\u00e9s de la agresi\u00f3n a Ucrania, en un punto de inflexi\u00f3n en su etapa\u00a0post-sovi\u00e9tica. Rusia ha puesto fin a uno\u00a0de los \u00faltimos eslabones que quedaban en su relaci\u00f3n con la Uni\u00f3n Europea. Ese eslab\u00f3n eran los acuerdos de Minsk.<\/p>\n

El presidente Putin los ha liquidado. Eran acuerdos imperfectos, desde muchos puntos de vista, arrancados en un momento en el que hab\u00eda que hacer un alto al fuego en\u00a0la\u00a0anterior guerra. Pero, no obstante, estos acuerdos consagraban la integridad territorial de Ucrania. Y su cumplimiento, hoy ya imposible, marcaba un hipot\u00e9tico camino hacia una normalidad de las relaciones diplom\u00e1ticas entre Rusia y la Uni\u00f3n Europea. Esta posibilidad ahora ha desaparecido.<\/p>\n

Por eso digo que Rusia se encuentra hoy en un punto de inflexi\u00f3n en su trayectoria en la \u00e9poca\u00a0post-sovi\u00e9tica. Y este tremendo conflicto solo puede concluir positivamente con un regreso de Rusia a las normas y a los principios internacionales b\u00e1sicos. Esta es una ocasi\u00f3n que tenemos, desde la Uni\u00f3n Europea, que aprovechar para elaborar mecanismos y tratados que establezcan garant\u00edas de seguridad m\u00e1s firmes y mecanismos que permitan verificar su puesta en\u00a0aplicaci\u00f3n.<\/p>\n

Quiero recordarles, despu\u00e9s del\u00a0entusiasmo de una sesi\u00f3n parlamentaria, que al final la v\u00eda de la negociaci\u00f3n y el di\u00e1logo est\u00e1n en la esencia de lo que es la Uni\u00f3n Europea. No somos una Uni\u00f3n militar. Y no hemos declarado la guerra a nadie. Somos una Uni\u00f3n de Estados miembros que precisamente ha renunciado a la guerra como forma de resolver los conflictos. No estamos en guerra con nadie, pero estamos al lado de alguien que ha sido agredido, y\u00a0dispuestos a movilizar todos nuestros recursos diplom\u00e1ticos a la vez para salvaguardar la seguridad de Europa, pero tambi\u00e9n para encontrar una soluci\u00f3n al conflicto. Porque las sanciones son necesarias, inevitables, pero adem\u00e1s de las sanciones, necesitamos soluciones.<\/p>\n

Estas sanciones tendr\u00e1n un efecto muy grande sobre la econom\u00eda rusa. Y el se\u00f1or Putin no puede decir que no lo sab\u00eda. Porque se lo\u00a0hemos\u00a0advertido, tanto la presidenta\u00a0[de la Comisi\u00f3n Europea] Ursula\u00a0von der Leyen en multitud de veces, como el presidente del Consejo Europeo\u00a0[Charles Michel]. \u00bfCu\u00e1ntas veces hemos dicho que las sanciones tendr\u00edan efectos masivos y altos costes? Sin duda, las van a tener. El rublo se ha desplomado un 40%, el control sobre casi la mitad de las reservas de cambio de Rusia tendr\u00e1 un efecto enorme sobre su econom\u00eda. Al lado de esto, sacar del sistema SWIFT a unos cu\u00e1ntos bancos es de menor importancia, porque en este momento las cifras cantan. Rusia se hab\u00eda preparado desde hac\u00eda tiempo para hacer frente a una situaci\u00f3n como esta y hab\u00eda ido quitando sus reservas del d\u00f3lar y el euro para colocarlo en yuanes y en oro. Cuando Rusia toma Crimea, el 87% de sus reservas est\u00e1n en d\u00f3lares y euros. Ahora est\u00e1n entorno al\u00a040%, pero sigue siendo mucho. Porque 135 millones de reserva en oro… el oro hay que poderlo vender. Y para eso hace falta que alguien lo pueda comprar. Nuestras sanciones financieras van tambi\u00e9n a impedir la movilizaci\u00f3n de estos recursos.<\/p>\n

Therefore, these unprecedented financial measures will go\u00a0in\u00a0the direction of a potential default, which will have consequences for the global financial system.\u00a0Do not underestimate the importance of what we have decided to do and what will follow – I want to stress that. And now we have to work diplomatically all over the world, reaching out to all countries,\u00a0in order to build a state of the mind to condemn the aggressor.<\/p>\n

And, on that, I can assure you that I, as High\u00a0Representative, all my colleagues Members of the Foreign Affairs Council, all our Delegations and all our\u00a0embassies will be strongly working in order to get a\u00a0result on the vote at\u00a0the [United Nations] General Assembly. This is the\u00a0most important thing that we have to do right now. Because – I repeat – this is an issue which belongs to the Foreign and Security Policy,\u00a0which is intergovernmental, and the Member States are the ones who\u00a0have to take the lead\u00a0on this response and on the diplomatic sphere.<\/p>\n

The second thing that has been discussed\u00a0today – and this may\u00a0be more important that what many of us could believe \u2013 is our dependence on gas. The President [of the European Commission, Ursula von der Leyen] has been saying all the time that we have to reduce this dependence. But I have been listening for the last 20 years that we have to decrease this dependence, and this dependence has been increasing during the last 20 years.<\/p>\n

So from now on, let’s put our\u00a0work in accordance with\u00a0what we say.\u00a0Because we\u00a0pay $700 million for the world, for gas, and oil, and coal imports from Russia.\u00a0And every year, we import 2 billion cubic meters of gas. We have to increase renewables, the President said, have\u00a0renewed\u00a0hydrogen. But keep in mind,\u00a0that the amount of power in a country like Italy, in renewables, is less than half a billion cubic meters per year. We have strong work to do in front of us. We have to remain committed to it. We have to explain to other people what does it mean. This is a good occasion to develop the best, most noble side\u00a0of\u00a0the political activity, which is pedagogy.\u00a0This is\u00a0the moment to do pedagogy. And I understand the\u00a0enthusiasm and\u00a0approach of a Parliamentarian chamber in a moment like this, I have been parliamentarian like you like you for many years, even President of this House. And I know that this is a moment to show enthusiasm and support. But then, we have to go to acts. And next time, when you discuss again the budget of the Union, remember that we need resources to do, what we are doing\u00a0today\u00a0with an intergovernmental fund that this Parliament has never approved, because it’s not in their competences.<\/p>\n

Put more\u00a0defence\u00a0and security in your mindsets, and stop discussing theology about strategic autonomy. Call it the way you want, but we have to be more responsible. We have to take our responsibility more in our hands. We have to be strategically responsible, and this has nothing to do with weakening the transatlantic alliances which, by the way, has improved in a way, that is stronger than ever. And our unity with our transatlantic partners has been 100%,\u00a0nothing against weakening NATO because we develop our capacities.<\/p>\n

We have to become a hard power. I know that the word may afraid someone. But hard power, I insist, is not just talking about military. Hard power is having power to coerce. The power to influence the decision of the others, and what we are doing on these measures, is a lot of hard power. Be prepared for the answer. Be prepared for the consequences. Don’t put all your strength in your mouth. Don’t say nice things only. From now on, we have to be prepared to resist. We have to be prepared to act, in the long term, with a clear understanding of which are our challenges and our capacities. This is the moment for the European Union to discuss about\u00a0what we want to be. What we are. Which are the limits of what we can do. And what do we want to do in the future. And you\u00a0know\u00a0that in order to face the challenges of the future, there is a lot of things that we have to review. A lot of things about our procedures, about our methods, putting more attention on our capacity to act\u00a0than\u00a0the time that we spend on internal discussions.<\/p>\n

What is happening today in Ukraine, reminds me Budapest, May 1956. I was nine years old, but I remember listening to the radio how the Russians charged when entering Budapest. This reminds me 1988, The Prague Spring. I was an officer in the Spanish army then, and my unit was put into alert. I don’t know why, but it was completely useless. On both cases, we did nothing because we couldn\u2019t do anything. But from now on, we have to face a confrontation between us, democracies – people who believe in freedom, in multi-party systems, where citizens choose their governments, where we live in a free market economy, trying to put together economic efficiency and social cohesion – with autocratic regimes, which are supporting themselves with a\u00a0\u201cclique\u201d\u00a0of people who take advantage of the system, while the great majority of the people don’t improve their living conditions. All the war treasury that Putin is taking from gas payments doesn’t go to increase the wellbeing of the Russian people.\u00a0It goes to make his war machine more powerful. Tout l\u2019argent qu\u2019on paie pour le gaz, le p\u00e9trole russe, ne sert\u00a0pas\u00a0\u00e0 am\u00e9liorer le bien-\u00eatre du peuple russe, \u00e7a sert tout simplement \u00e0 augmenter sa capacit\u00e9 militaire.<\/p>\n

C\u2019est\u00a0le\u00a0moment je pense, vraiment, honn\u00eatement, o\u00f9 l’Europe doit r\u00e9fl\u00e9chir \u00e0 ce qu\u2019elle est :\u00a0 Que voulons-nous \u00eatre dans le futur\u00a0?\u00a0Je pense, un peu plus que ce nous sommes aujourd\u2019hui.\u00a0\u00a0Et c’est \u00e7a le v\u00e9ritable d\u00e9fi auquel nous devons faire face dans les prochaines semaines, mois et ann\u00e9es. Et c\u2019est pour \u00e7a, que la Conf\u00e9rence sur le futur de l\u2019Europe peut jouer un r\u00f4le\u00a0important.<\/p>\n

Link to the video:\u00a0https:\/\/audiovisual.ec.europa.eu\/en\/video\/I-219168<\/a><\/p>\n

More information: European Union External Action Service<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Check against delivery! Monsieur le Pr\u00e9sident du Conseil Europ\u00e9en [Charles Michel], Madame la Pr\u00e9sidente du Parlement Europ\u00e9en [Roberta Metsola], Madame la Pr\u00e9sidente de la Commission [Ursula von der Leyen], Pr\u00e9sident [de l\u2019Ukraine, Volodymyr] Zelenskyy, Pr\u00e9sident du Parlement ukrainien [Ruslan Stefanchuk], Dear members of the European Parliament, I will try to share with you my thoughts […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":98155,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4075,346,4078],"tags":[2454,2853,5005],"class_list":{"0":"post-98154","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-defence-security","8":"category-eu-news","9":"category-internat-safety-pol","10":"tag-borrell","11":"tag-russia","12":"tag-ukraine","13":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nRussian aggression against Ukraine: Speech by High Representative\/Vice-President Josep Borrell at the EP plenary | CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/russian-aggression-against-ukraine-speech-by-high-representative-vice-president-josep-borrell-at-the-ep-plenary\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Russian aggression against Ukraine: Speech by High Representative\/Vice-President Josep Borrell at the EP plenary | CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Check against delivery! 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