{"id":90295,"date":"2021-12-29T03:00:34","date_gmt":"2021-12-29T02:00:34","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/?p=90295"},"modified":"2021-12-17T13:22:52","modified_gmt":"2021-12-17T12:22:52","slug":"co2-the-culprit-in-southern-hemisphere-temperature-drop-millions-of-years-ago","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/co2-the-culprit-in-southern-hemisphere-temperature-drop-millions-of-years-ago\/","title":{"rendered":"CO2 the culprit in southern hemisphere temperature drop millions of years ago"},"content":{"rendered":"<p class=\"c-teaser\">Research into ancient climates suggests that a drop in atmospheric CO2 caused cooling temperatures in south-east Australia 41 to 33 million years ago.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/alto-crew-Rv3ecImL4ak-unsplash-scaled.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-90291 aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/alto-crew-Rv3ecImL4ak-unsplash-1024x683.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"502\" height=\"335\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/alto-crew-Rv3ecImL4ak-unsplash-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/alto-crew-Rv3ecImL4ak-unsplash-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/alto-crew-Rv3ecImL4ak-unsplash-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/alto-crew-Rv3ecImL4ak-unsplash-1536x1024.jpg 1536w, https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/12\/alto-crew-Rv3ecImL4ak-unsplash-2048x1365.jpg 2048w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 502px) 100vw, 502px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"container-fluid\">\n<div class=\"row c-article__below-teaser\">\n<div class=\"c-article__domains col-12 col-md-auto ng-star-inserted\">\n<div class=\"c-article__domains-icons ng-star-inserted\">\n<div class=\"c-domain-icon c-domain-icon--text\">\n<div class=\"ng-star-inserted\">\n<div class=\"ng-star-inserted\">\n<p class=\"c-article__text\">Our planet is warming and its atmosphere is changing, but what impact will these changes have on its different ecosystems? To find answers, some scientists have been investigating climates from millions of years ago. A <a href=\"http:\/\/www.nature.com\/articles\/s41561-021-00788-z\">study<\/a> supported in part by the EU-funded TGRES project focused on temperatures in the southern hemisphere from the middle Eocene to the early Oligocene epoch, about 41 to 33 million years ago. During this period, Earth\u2019s climate changed dramatically. While in the Eocene epoch Antarctica was an ice-free, rainforest-covered region, by 34 million years ago it was covered with ice. This climatic transition from greenhouse to icehouse is well documented by sea surface temperature records that point to noticeable long-term cooling. However, to be able to tell what drove this change, scientists need to know whether this cooling also happened on land.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ng-star-inserted\">\n<h2 class=\"c-article__title\">Looking for answers in bacterial biomarkers<\/h2>\n<p class=\"c-article__text\">In this study, the research team used bacterial molecular fossils preserved in south-east Australian lignite to create a record of terrestrial temperatures spanning a period of around 9 million years, from the middle Eocene to the early Oligocene. Study co-author Dr Richard Pancost of TGRES project host University of Bristol explains the use of these bacterial biomarkers in a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.sci-news.com\/othersciences\/paleoclimatology\/carbon-dioxide-eocene-oligocene-cooling-09921.html\">news item<\/a> posted on \u2018Sci-News\u2019: \u201cThese compounds originally comprised the cell membranes of bacteria living in ancient wetlands, with their structures changing slightly to help the bacteria adapt to changing temperature and acidity. Those compounds can then be preserved for tens of millions of years, allowing us to reconstruct those ancient environmental conditions.\u201d The results showed that mean annual temperatures in south-east Australia gradually dropped from about 27 \u00b0C during the middle Eocene to around 22 to 24 \u00b0C in the late Eocene. This was followed by an approximate 2.4 \u00b0C drop across the Eocene\u2013Oligocene Boundary, about 33 to 34 million years ago.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ng-star-inserted\">\n<h2 class=\"c-article__title\">What drove the drop in temperatures on land and sea?<\/h2>\n<p class=\"c-article__text\">The similarity between this trend and other temperature records in the southern hemisphere pointed to a likely common driving mechanism, namely CO2. This led the researchers to conduct climate model simulations to confirm their results. They found that only simulations including a decline in atmospheric CO2 led to a cooling in south-east Australia, which was consistent with the temperature data from the lignite. The results add to the current body of evidence that atmospheric CO2 is a major driver of change in Earth\u2019s climate. \u201cOur data form an important benchmark for testing climate model performance, sea\u2013land interaction and climatic forcings at the onset of a major Antarctic glaciation,\u201d the authors conclude in their study. The study has been published in the journal \u2018Nature Geoscience\u2019. The TGRES (The Greenhouse Earth System) project ended in 2018.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"ng-star-inserted\">\n<h3>More information<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/cordis.europa.eu\/article\/id\/435467-co2-the-culprit-in-southern-hemisphere-temperature-drop-millions-of-years-ago\/es\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">CORDIS &#8211; Scientific advances<\/a><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Research into ancient climates suggests that a drop in atmospheric CO2 caused cooling temperatures in south-east Australia 41 to 33 million years ago. Our planet is warming and its atmosphere is changing, but what impact will these changes have on its different ecosystems? To find answers, some scientists have been investigating climates from millions of [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":90292,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[4085,346],"tags":[2650,1525,4879,2558,364,4635,4878],"class_list":{"0":"post-90295","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-environment","8":"category-eu-news","9":"tag-climate-en","10":"tag-co2","11":"tag-cooling","12":"tag-cordis","13":"tag-medio-ambiente-en","14":"tag-medio-ambiente-en-2","15":"tag-temperature","16":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>CO2 the culprit in southern hemisphere temperature drop millions of years ago | CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/?p=90289\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"CO2 the culprit in southern hemisphere temperature drop millions of years ago | CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Research into ancient climates suggests that a drop in atmospheric CO2 caused cooling temperatures in south-east Australia 41 to 33 million years ago. 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