{"id":32178,"date":"2020-01-07T03:00:16","date_gmt":"2020-01-07T02:00:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/?p=32178"},"modified":"2020-01-07T09:32:51","modified_gmt":"2020-01-07T08:32:51","slug":"cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/","title":{"rendered":"Cleaner Air in 2020: 0.5% sulphur cap for ships enters into force worldwide"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

From 1 January 2020, the maximum sulphur content of marine fuels is reduced to 0.5% (down from 3.5%) globally<\/strong><\/em> \u2013 reducing air pollution and protecting health and the environment. Sulphur Oxide (SOx) emissions from ships’ combustion engines cause acid rain and generate fine dust that can lead to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, as well as reduced life expectancy.<\/p>\n

EU’s low sulphur approach as international example<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Since 2012, the EU has taken firm action to reduce the sulphur content of marine fuels through the\u00a0Sulphur Directive<\/a>. In 2016, the\u00a0International Maritime Organization (IMO)<\/a>\u00a0maintained 2020 as entry-into-force date of the global 0.5% sulphur cap.<\/p>\n

Moreover, in some\u00a0very fragile ecosystems<\/strong>\u00a0such as the Baltic Sea and the North Sea \u2013 designated as \u2018Sulphur Oxides Emissions Control Areas’ (SECAs) \u2013 the maximum sulphur content has been\u00a0reduced to 0.10%<\/strong>, already in 2015. Such stricter sulphur limits have more than halved sulphur dioxide concentrations around SECAs, bringing health benefits to people in coastal regions and ports, while the overall economic impacts on the sector remained minimal.<\/p>\n

Next steps on sustainability in shipping<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Based on the\u00a0successful implementation<\/a>\u00a0of the Emission Control Area (ECA) limits, the introduction of the global sulphur limit is expected to bring similar results. The EU is also actively working in the context of the\u00a0Barcelona Convention<\/a>, on the possible future designation by the IMO of ECAs in other EU waters such as in the Mediterranean Sea.<\/p>\n

The EU has strived for an active role in tackling maritime emissions more generally, both at home and globally. In 2018, the IMO agreed to\u00a0reduce greenhouse gas emissions<\/strong>\u00a0from shipping by at least 50% by 2050. The EU and its Member States played an instrumental role in brokering and securing the deal for the sector, which currently represents 2-3% of global CO2 emissions. Discussions are already ongoing at the IMO to translate this deal into concrete measures.<\/p>\n

To tackle\u00a0plastic pollution<\/strong>\u00a0within our oceans, the EU adopted\u00a0new rules on port reception facilities<\/a>, making sure that waste generated on-board ships or fished at sea is collected and treated in ports.<\/p>\n

The EU is also working with the IMO to address concerns regarding discharge waters from after-treatment systems used by ships. The objective is to ensure full sustainability of those systems, possibly by setting stricter and uniform legislative requirements.<\/p>\n

In addition, the\u00a0European Green Deal<\/a>, presented by the President of the Commission Ursula\u00a0von der Leyen<\/strong>\u00a0in December 2019, sets out further action to make shipping more sustainable such as the extension of the European emissions trading to the maritime sector.<\/p>\n

Background<\/strong><\/h3>\n

Maritime transport has a direct impact on air quality in many European coastal cities. Exhaust gases from ships are a significant source of air pollution, including through sulphur oxide emissions resulting from the burning of fuel oil. Sulphur oxides are harmful to the human respiratory system and make breathing difficult.<\/p>\n

Ships traditionally use fuel oils for propulsion, which can have a sulphur content of up to 3.50 %. For comparison, the sulphur content of fuels used in trucks or passenger cars must not exceed 0.001 %. The 2012 Sulphur Directive which was revised in 2016, reduced SOx emissions by setting maximum sulphur content levels for marine fuels and incorporated new standards set by the International Maritime Organisation into EU law both inside regionally protected areas and outside of those.<\/p>\n

For More Information<\/h3>\n

Press release<\/a><\/p>\n

Communication on The European Green Deal<\/a><\/p>\n

Air emissions from shipping<\/a><\/p>\n

News release \u2013 DG Environment<\/a><\/p>\n

Directive on port reception facilities<\/a><\/p>\n

New video stockshots<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

From 1 January 2020, the maximum sulphur content of marine fuels is reduced to 0.5% (down from 3.5%) globally \u2013 reducing air pollution and protecting health and the environment. Sulphur Oxide (SOx) emissions from ships’ combustion engines cause acid rain and generate fine dust that can lead to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, as well as […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":32176,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[346],"tags":[402],"class_list":{"0":"post-32178","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-eu-news","8":"tag-environment","9":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nCleaner Air in 2020: 0.5% sulphur cap for ships enters into force worldwide | CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Cleaner Air in 2020: 0.5% sulphur cap for ships enters into force worldwide | CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"From 1 January 2020, the maximum sulphur content of marine fuels is reduced to 0.5% (down from 3.5%) globally \u2013 reducing air pollution and protecting health and the environment. Sulphur Oxide (SOx) emissions from ships’ combustion engines cause acid rain and generate fine dust that can lead to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, as well as […]\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/cdeuniversidadalmeria\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2020-01-07T02:00:16+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2020-01-07T08:32:51+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Carga.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"1280\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"853\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"AdminCDE\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@cdeualmeria\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@cdeualmeria\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Written by\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"AdminCDE\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"3 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"AdminCDE\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/224ef08c8bcc005f319d2713ce37ee5f\"},\"headline\":\"Cleaner Air in 2020: 0.5% sulphur cap for ships enters into force worldwide\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-01-07T02:00:16+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-01-07T08:32:51+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":574,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/Carga.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Environment\"],\"articleSection\":[\"EU News\"],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\\\/\",\"name\":\"Cleaner Air in 2020: 0.5% sulphur cap for ships enters into force worldwide | CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/Carga.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2020-01-07T02:00:16+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2020-01-07T08:32:51+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/Carga.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2020\\\/01\\\/Carga.jpg\",\"width\":1280,\"height\":853},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Inicio\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"EU News\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/en\\\/category\\\/eu-news\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"Cleaner Air in 2020: 0.5% sulphur cap for ships enters into force worldwide\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/\",\"name\":\"CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda\",\"description\":\"Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea de la Universidad de Almer\u00eda\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/#organization\"},\"alternateName\":\"CDE Almer\u00eda\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea de Almer\u00eda\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/07\\\/cde-logo-3.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2025\\\/07\\\/cde-logo-3.png\",\"width\":1400,\"height\":300,\"caption\":\"Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea de Almer\u00eda\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/cdeuniversidadalmeria\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/x.com\\\/cdeualmeria\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.tiktok.com\\\/@cdealmeria\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.instagram.com\\\/cdealmeria\\\/\",\"https:\\\/\\\/www.linkedin.com\\\/in\\\/cde-almera-812b26a9\\\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.cde.ual.es\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/224ef08c8bcc005f319d2713ce37ee5f\",\"name\":\"AdminCDE\",\"image\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/a72d038d371f995cd13706fac32274b7952a52e8fb0a84b5f80c85426f2a98a8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/a72d038d371f995cd13706fac32274b7952a52e8fb0a84b5f80c85426f2a98a8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/secure.gravatar.com\\\/avatar\\\/a72d038d371f995cd13706fac32274b7952a52e8fb0a84b5f80c85426f2a98a8?s=96&d=mm&r=g\",\"caption\":\"AdminCDE\"}}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Cleaner Air in 2020: 0.5% sulphur cap for ships enters into force worldwide | CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"Cleaner Air in 2020: 0.5% sulphur cap for ships enters into force worldwide | CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda","og_description":"From 1 January 2020, the maximum sulphur content of marine fuels is reduced to 0.5% (down from 3.5%) globally \u2013 reducing air pollution and protecting health and the environment. Sulphur Oxide (SOx) emissions from ships’ combustion engines cause acid rain and generate fine dust that can lead to respiratory and cardiovascular diseases, as well as […]","og_url":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/","og_site_name":"CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/cdeuniversidadalmeria\/","article_published_time":"2020-01-07T02:00:16+00:00","article_modified_time":"2020-01-07T08:32:51+00:00","og_image":[{"width":1280,"height":853,"url":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Carga.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"AdminCDE","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_creator":"@cdeualmeria","twitter_site":"@cdeualmeria","twitter_misc":{"Written by":"AdminCDE","Est. reading time":"3 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/"},"author":{"name":"AdminCDE","@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/#\/schema\/person\/224ef08c8bcc005f319d2713ce37ee5f"},"headline":"Cleaner Air in 2020: 0.5% sulphur cap for ships enters into force worldwide","datePublished":"2020-01-07T02:00:16+00:00","dateModified":"2020-01-07T08:32:51+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/"},"wordCount":574,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Carga.jpg","keywords":["Environment"],"articleSection":["EU News"],"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/","url":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/","name":"Cleaner Air in 2020: 0.5% sulphur cap for ships enters into force worldwide | CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Carga.jpg","datePublished":"2020-01-07T02:00:16+00:00","dateModified":"2020-01-07T08:32:51+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Carga.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/01\/Carga.jpg","width":1280,"height":853},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/cleaner-air-in-2020-0-5-sulphur-cap-for-ships-enters-into-force-worldwide\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Inicio","item":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"EU News","item":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/category\/eu-news\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"Cleaner Air in 2020: 0.5% sulphur cap for ships enters into force worldwide"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/","name":"CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda","description":"Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea de la Universidad de Almer\u00eda","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/#organization"},"alternateName":"CDE Almer\u00eda","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"en-US"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/#organization","name":"Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea de Almer\u00eda","url":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/cde-logo-3.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/07\/cde-logo-3.png","width":1400,"height":300,"caption":"Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea de Almer\u00eda"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/cdeuniversidadalmeria\/","https:\/\/x.com\/cdeualmeria","https:\/\/www.tiktok.com\/@cdealmeria","https:\/\/www.instagram.com\/cdealmeria\/","https:\/\/www.linkedin.com\/in\/cde-almera-812b26a9\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/#\/schema\/person\/224ef08c8bcc005f319d2713ce37ee5f","name":"AdminCDE","image":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"en-US","@id":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a72d038d371f995cd13706fac32274b7952a52e8fb0a84b5f80c85426f2a98a8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","url":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a72d038d371f995cd13706fac32274b7952a52e8fb0a84b5f80c85426f2a98a8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","contentUrl":"https:\/\/secure.gravatar.com\/avatar\/a72d038d371f995cd13706fac32274b7952a52e8fb0a84b5f80c85426f2a98a8?s=96&d=mm&r=g","caption":"AdminCDE"}}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32178","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=32178"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/32178\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/32176"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=32178"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=32178"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=32178"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}