{"id":164976,"date":"2026-01-27T09:06:44","date_gmt":"2026-01-27T08:06:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/?p=164976"},"modified":"2026-01-27T09:06:44","modified_gmt":"2026-01-27T08:06:44","slug":"eu-and-india-conclude-landmark-free-trade-agreement","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/eu-and-india-conclude-landmark-free-trade-agreement\/","title":{"rendered":"EU and India conclude landmark Free Trade Agreement"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The EU and India concluded negotiations for a historic, ambitious and commercially significant free trade agreement (FTA), the largest such deal ever concluded by either side. It will <strong>strengthen economic and political ties<\/strong>\u00a0between the world&#8217;s second and fourth largest economies, at a time of rising geopolitical tensions and global economic challenges, highlighting their joint commitment to\u00a0<strong>economic openness and rules-based trade<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/11\/barco.jpg\" width=\"780\" height=\"520\" \/><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">European Commission President, Ursula<strong>\u00a0von der Leyen,<\/strong>\u00a0said:<em>\u00a0\u201c<\/em><em>The EU and India make history today, deepening the partnership between the world&#8217;s biggest democracies. We have created a free trade zone of 2 billion people, with both sides set to gain economically. We have sent a signal to the world that rules-based cooperation still delivers great outcomes. And, best of all, this is only the start &#8211; we will build on this success, and grow our relationship to be even stronger.\u201d<\/em><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The EU and India already trade over\u00a0<strong>\u20ac<\/strong><strong>180 billion\u00a0<\/strong>worth of goods and services per year, supporting close to<strong>\u00a0800,000 EU jobs.\u00a0<\/strong>This deal is expected to\u00a0<strong>double EU goods exports<\/strong>\u00a0to India by 2032 by eliminating or reducing tariffs in value of 96.6% of EU goods exports to India. Overall, the tariff reductions will\u00a0<strong>save around\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u20ac<\/strong><strong>4 billion per year<\/strong>\u00a0in duties on European products.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">This is the<strong>\u00a0most ambitious trade opening that India has ever granted\u00a0<\/strong>to a trade partner. It will give a significant\u00a0<strong>competitive advantage<\/strong>\u00a0for key EU industrial and agri-food sectors, granting companies privileged access to the\u00a0<strong>world&#8217;s most populous country of 1.45 billion people and fastest growing large economy,\u00a0<\/strong>with an annual\u00a0<strong>GDP of\u00a0<\/strong><strong>\u20ac3.4 trillion<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Opportunities for European businesses of all sizes<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">India will grant the EU\u00a0<strong>tariff reductions that none of its other trading partners have received<\/strong>. For example, tariffs on cars are gradually going down from 110% to as low as 10%, while they will be fully abolished for car parts after five to ten years. Tariffs ranging up to 44% on machinery, 22% on chemicals and 11% on pharmaceuticals will also be mostly eliminated.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">A dedicated chapter will also help small EU businesses take full advantage of the new export opportunities. For instance, both sides will put in place dedicated contact points to provide SMEs with relevant information on the FTA and help them with any specific issue they would face when trying to use the FTA&#8217;s provisions. In addition to this, SMEs will particularly benefit from the tariff reductions, removal of regulatory barriers, transparency, stability and predictability provided by the Agreement.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Reducing agri-food tariffs<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The agreement removes or reduces often prohibitive tariffs (over 36% on average) on EU exports of agri-food products, opening a massive market to European farmers. For example, Indian tariffs on wines will be cut from 150% to 75% at entry into force and eventually to levels as low as 20%, tariffs on olive oil will go down from 45% to 0% over five years, while processed agricultural products such as bread and confectionary will see tariffs of up to 50% eliminated.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">Sensitive European agricultural sectors will be fully protected, as products such as beef, chicken meat, rice and sugar are excluded from liberalisation in the agreement. All Indian imports will continue to have to respect the EU&#8217;s strict health and food safety rules.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In parallel, the EU and India are currently negotiating a separate agreement on Geographical Indications (GIs), which will help traditional iconic EU farming products sell more in India, by removing unfair competition in the form of imitations.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Privileged access to services markets and protected Intellectual Property<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The agreement will grant EU companies privileged access to the Indian\u00a0<strong>services market<\/strong>, including key sectors such as financial services and maritime transport. It has the most ambitious commitments on financial services by India in any trade agreement, going beyond what they have given to other partners.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The agreement provides a\u00a0<strong>high level of protection and enforcement of Intellectual Property<\/strong>\u00a0(IP) rights, including copyright, trademarks, designs, trade secrets and plant variety rights. It builds upon existing international IP treaties and brings Indian and EU intellectual property laws closer. This will make it easier for EU and Indian businesses that rely on IP to trade and invest in each other&#8217;s markets.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Enhancing sustainability commitments<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The agreement has a dedicated trade and sustainable development chapter, which enhances environmental protection and addresses\u00a0<strong>climate change<\/strong>, protects\u00a0<strong>workers&#8217;<\/strong>\u00a0rights, supports\u00a0<strong>women&#8217;s<\/strong>\u00a0empowerment, provides for a platform for\u00a0<strong>dialogue and cooperatio<\/strong><strong>n<\/strong>\u00a0on trade related environmental and climate issues and ensures\u00a0<strong>effective implementation.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The EU and India will also sign a Memorandum of Understanding that intends to establish an EU-India platform for cooperation and support on climate action. The platform will be launched in the first half of 2026. Furthermore, subject to the EU&#8217;s budgetary and financial rules and procedures, \u20ac500 million in EU support over the next two years is envisaged to help India&#8217;s efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and accelerate its long-term sustainable industrial transformation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Next steps<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">On the EU side, the negotiated draft texts will be\u00a0<strong>published<\/strong>\u00a0shortly. The texts will go through\u00a0<strong>legal revision<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a0<strong>translation<\/strong>\u00a0into all official EU languages. The Commission will then put forward its\u00a0<strong>proposal to the Council<\/strong>\u00a0for the signature and conclusion of the agreement. Once\u00a0<strong>adopted by the Council<\/strong>, the EU and India can\u00a0<strong>sign<\/strong>\u00a0the agreements. Following the signature, the agreement requires the\u00a0<strong>European Parliament&#8217;s consent<\/strong>, and the\u00a0<strong>Council&#8217;s decision on conclusion<\/strong>\u00a0for it to enter into force. Once India also ratifies the Agreement, it can enter into force.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Background<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The EU and India had first launched negotiations for a free trade agreement in 2007. The talks were suspended in 2013 and then\u00a0relaunched\u00a0in 2022. The 14<sup>th<\/sup>\u00a0and last formal negotiating round took place in October 2025, followed by intersessional discussions at technical and political level.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">At the same time as FTA negotiations were relaunched, the EU and India also launched negotiations for a Geographical Indications Agreement and an Investment Protection Agreement. Negotiations for these agreements are still ongoing.<\/p>\n<p><strong>More information: <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/es\/ip_26_184\">European Commission.\u00a0<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The EU and India concluded negotiations for a historic, ambitious and commercially significant free trade agreement (FTA), the largest such deal ever concluded by either side. It will strengthen economic and political ties\u00a0between the world&#8217;s second and fourth largest economies, at a time of rising geopolitical tensions and global economic challenges, highlighting their joint commitment [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":154755,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[346,4091,4089,4088],"tags":[5375,488,779,1128,9456,2788,12515,2809,434],"class_list":{"0":"post-164976","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-eu-news","8":"category-industry","9":"category-international-trade","10":"category-market","11":"tag-economics-politics","12":"tag-economy","13":"tag-eu-en","14":"tag-india-en","15":"tag-markets","16":"tag-news","17":"tag-services","18":"tag-tariffs","19":"tag-trade","20":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>EU and India conclude landmark Free Trade Agreement | CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/eu-and-india-conclude-landmark-free-trade-agreement\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"EU and India conclude landmark Free Trade Agreement | CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The EU and India concluded negotiations for a historic, ambitious and commercially significant free trade agreement (FTA), the largest such deal ever concluded by either side. 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