{"id":153475,"date":"2024-10-07T03:00:55","date_gmt":"2024-10-07T01:00:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/?p=153475"},"modified":"2024-10-04T11:11:01","modified_gmt":"2024-10-04T09:11:01","slug":"commission-evaluation-shows-the-benefits-and-limitations-of-online-consumer-protection-laws","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/en\/commission-evaluation-shows-the-benefits-and-limitations-of-online-consumer-protection-laws\/","title":{"rendered":"Commission evaluation shows the benefits and limitations of online consumer protection laws"},"content":{"rendered":"<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Commission published the findings of the <a href=\"https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/document\/707d7404-78e5-4aef-acfa-82b4cf639f55_en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Digital Fairness Fitness Check<\/a>, which evaluates whether the current EU consumer protection laws are fit for purpose to ensure a high level of protection in the digital environment. The Fitness Check covered three core Directives: the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A32005L0029\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Unfair Commercial Practices Directive<\/a>, the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX:32011L0083\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Consumer Rights Directive<\/a>, and the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=celex%3A31993L0013\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Unfair Contract Terms Directive<\/a>. The results show that these rules remain both relevant and necessary to ensure a high level of consumer protection and effective functioning of the Digital Single Market. However, it also shows that consumers behave differently online than offline. Moreover, technological developments and increased tracking of online behaviour enable businesses to more effectively persuade consumers online. This highlights the need for rules that are better adapted to the specific harmful practices and challenges that consumers face online.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><a href=\"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/rupixen-com-Q59HmzK38eQ-unsplash-1.jpg\"><img decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-128118\" src=\"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/rupixen-com-Q59HmzK38eQ-unsplash-1.jpg\" alt=\"hombre pagando online\" width=\"1920\" height=\"1280\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/rupixen-com-Q59HmzK38eQ-unsplash-1.jpg 1920w, https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/rupixen-com-Q59HmzK38eQ-unsplash-1-300x200.jpg 300w, https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/rupixen-com-Q59HmzK38eQ-unsplash-1-1024x683.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/rupixen-com-Q59HmzK38eQ-unsplash-1-768x512.jpg 768w, https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/rupixen-com-Q59HmzK38eQ-unsplash-1-1536x1024.jpg 1536w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 1920px) 100vw, 1920px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Key findings<\/strong><\/h2>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li>The three Directives have provided a degree of\u00a0<strong>regulatory certainty\u00a0<\/strong>and\u00a0<strong>consumer trust<\/strong>\u00a0to support the development of a diverse digital market, but consumers do not always feel fully in control of their online experience due to practices such as:\n<ul>\n<li><strong>dark patterns in online interfaces<\/strong>\u00a0that can unfairly influence their decisions, for example, by putting unnecessary pressure on consumers through false urgency claims;<\/li>\n<li><strong>addictive design of digital services<\/strong>\u00a0that pushes consumers to keep using the service or spending more money, such as, gambling-like features in video games;<\/li>\n<li><strong>personalised targeting<\/strong>\u00a0that takes advantage of consumers&#8217; vulnerabilities, such as showing targeted advertising that exploits personal problems, financial challenges or negative mental states;<\/li>\n<li>difficulties with managing\u00a0<strong>digital subscriptions<\/strong>, for example, when companies make it excessively hard to unsubscribe;<\/li>\n<li>problematic commercial practices of\u00a0<strong>social media influencers<\/strong>. Some of these practices may already go against existing EU consumer law and other EU law, for example, the Digital Services Act and the Audiovisual Media Services Directive.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<ul style=\"text-align: justify;\">\n<li><strong>Consumers are losing time and money<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 the various harmful commercial practices online cost EU consumers at least\u00a0<strong>\u20ac7.9 billion per year<\/strong>. At the same time, the\u00a0<strong>cost for businesses<\/strong>\u00a0to comply with EU consumer law is much lower, not exceeding\u00a0<strong>\u20ac737 million per year<\/strong>.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Fragmented national laws:<\/strong>\u00a0The effectiveness of EU consumer protection is undermined by\u00a0<strong>insufficient enforcement\u00a0<\/strong>,\u00a0<strong>legal uncertainty<\/strong>, the increasing\u00a0<strong>risk of regulatory fragmentation\u00a0<\/strong>across Member States&#8217; national approaches, and the\u00a0<strong>lack of incentives for businesses<\/strong>\u00a0to aim for the highest standard of protection.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Fitness Check shows that we need to take further action to make the digital environment fair for consumers. This includes\u00a0<strong>tackling the most harmful practices<\/strong>\u00a0such as dark patterns. Increased legal certainty could\u00a0<strong>prevent regulatory fragmentation and promote fair growth. There is scope for<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>simplifying existing rules, without compromising the level of protection<\/strong>. It is also fundamental to ensure the\u00a0<strong>coherent application\u00a0<\/strong>and\u00a0<strong>effective enforcement<\/strong>\u00a0of EU consumer law and the EU digital rulebook, including the Digital Services Act, which prohibits several unfair practices on online platforms. All of this will be on the Commission&#8217;s agenda in the upcoming mandate.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Next steps<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">The Fitness Check provides a state of play and points to areas for improvement, which can be further analysed and built upon in the future. It does not establish recommendations on the exact format and content of future Commission action. The Commission consulted the public through several consultation activities, including a\u202f<a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/info\/law\/better-regulation\/have-your-say\/initiatives\/13413-Digital-fairness-fitness-check-on-EU-consumer-law\/feedback_en?p_id=30798773\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Call for Evidence\u202f<\/a>and a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/info\/law\/better-regulation\/have-your-say\/initiatives\/13413-Digital-fairness-fitness-check-on-EU-consumer-law\/public-consultation_en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">public consultation<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/commission.europa.eu\/document\/download\/907fd6b6-0474-47d7-99da-47007ca30d02_en?filename=Mission%20letter%20-%20McGRATH.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">mission letter<\/a>\u00a0addressed to Commissioner-designate for Democracy, Justice and the Rule of Law, President\u00a0<strong>von der Leyen<\/strong>\u00a0refers to the need to develop \u201ca Digital Fairness Act to tackle unethical techniques and commercial practices related to dark patterns, marketing by social media influencers, the addictive design of digital products and online profiling especially when consumer vulnerabilities are exploited for commercial purposes\u201d.<\/p>\n<h2 style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>Background<\/strong><\/h2>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">EU consumers are among the most protected in the world, online and offline. EU consumer protection laws aim at empowering consumers to play an active role and fully benefit from the Digital Single Market.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\">In response to the emerging concerns about the lack of digital fairness for consumers, the Commission announced in the\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/eur-lex.europa.eu\/legal-content\/EN\/TXT\/?uri=CELEX%3A52020DC0696&amp;qid=1605887353618\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">New Consumer Agenda<\/a>\u00a0that it will analyse whether additional legislation or other action is needed in the medium-term in order to ensure equal fairness online and offline. In 2022, the Commission launched a\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/info\/law\/better-regulation\/have-your-say\/initiatives\/13413-Digital-fairness-fitness-check-on-EU-consumer-law_en\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Fitness Check of EU consumer law on digital fairness<\/a>\u00a0in order to evaluate the situation.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: justify;\"><strong>For More Information: <a href=\"https:\/\/ec.europa.eu\/commission\/presscorner\/detail\/es\/ip_24_4901\">European Commission<\/a><\/strong><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The Commission published the findings of the Digital Fairness Fitness Check, which evaluates whether the current EU consumer protection laws are fit for purpose to ensure a high level of protection in the digital environment. The Fitness Check covered three core Directives: the\u00a0Unfair Commercial Practices Directive, the\u00a0Consumer Rights Directive, and the\u00a0Unfair Contract Terms Directive. The [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":128118,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"_relevanssi_hide_post":"","_relevanssi_hide_content":"","_relevanssi_pin_for_all":"","_relevanssi_pin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_unpin_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_keywords":"","_relevanssi_related_include_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_exclude_ids":"","_relevanssi_related_no_append":"","_relevanssi_related_not_related":"","_relevanssi_related_posts":"","_relevanssi_noindex_reason":"","_monsterinsights_skip_tracking":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_active":false,"_monsterinsights_sitenote_note":"","_monsterinsights_sitenote_category":0,"_genesis_hide_title":false,"_genesis_hide_breadcrumbs":false,"_genesis_hide_singular_image":false,"_genesis_hide_footer_widgets":false,"_genesis_custom_body_class":"","_genesis_custom_post_class":"","_genesis_layout":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[346,4081,4084],"tags":[8725,12704],"class_list":{"0":"post-153475","1":"post","2":"type-post","3":"status-publish","4":"format-standard","5":"has-post-thumbnail","7":"category-eu-news","8":"category-legislation","9":"category-technology","10":"tag-european-law","11":"tag-online-consumer-protection","12":"entry"},"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Commission evaluation shows the benefits and limitations of online consumer protection laws | CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.cde.ual.es\/la-evaluacion-de-la-comision-muestra-las-ventajas-y-limitaciones-de-las-leyes-de-proteccion-del-consumidor-en-linea\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Commission evaluation shows the benefits and limitations of online consumer protection laws | CDE Almer\u00eda - Centro de Documentaci\u00f3n Europea - Universidad de Almer\u00eda\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"The Commission published the findings of the Digital Fairness Fitness Check, which evaluates whether the current EU consumer protection laws are fit for purpose to ensure a high level of protection in the digital environment. 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The Fitness Check covered three core Directives: the\u00a0Unfair Commercial Practices Directive, the\u00a0Consumer Rights Directive, and the\u00a0Unfair Contract Terms Directive. 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